• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention can be applied to release hydrogen or its isotopes from gas mixtures by preferentially diffusing through a metal membrane. The purpose of the invention is to increase the lifetime of the membrane by preventing the coating from dissociative metal-palladium from being depleted and preventing the formation of oxidized products. The diffusion membrane consists of a layer. a coating made of palladium alloy with alloying elements: 45-72 at.% copper or 50-75 at.% silver or 7-16 at.% yttrium, a metal base containing the same alloying additives in a concentration that is equilibrium with their concentration in coating, which prevents diffusion of the coating components into the base layer, an additional layer placed inside the base or on its opposite surface, including a melt forming or containing an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydride, which dissolves in itself diffusing through Hydrogen embryo. you s o
    公开号:SU1272970A3
    申请号:SU823514549
    申请日:1982-11-25
    公开日:1986-11-23
    发明作者:Бер Фридрих；Шультен Рудольф；Вайрих Вальтер
    申请人:Кернфоршунгсанлаген Юлих Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    eleven
    This invention relates to a chemical technology associated with the separation of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen on diffusion metallic embryo.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the service life of diffusion membranes at elevated temperatures.
    FIG. 1 and 2 are presented in: embodiments of the proposed membrane, transverse section.
    The membrane consists of a layer 1 of palladium alloy, which provides the selective properties of the membrane, as well as the metal base 2. It also includes an additional layer 3 of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydride melt located inside or on the side of the metal base opposite to the coating.
    The diffusion membrane works as follows.
    The split mixture containing hydrogen is fed at an elevated temperature of 150-820 ° C and a partial pressure of hydrogen from 1 mbar to 30 bar per membrane on the side of layer 1 of palladium alloy. The alloy may include as alloying additives 45-72 at.% Copper or 5075 at.% Silver or 7-16 at.% Yttria
    Due to the enhanced means of palladium alloys to hydrogen, only hydrogen or its isotopes penetrate through layer 1. The penetrated gas further penetrates through the mechanism of atomic diffusion through a metal base 2 made of tantalum, niobium, titanium or vanadium, or their alloys. To prevent diffusion penetration into the metal base of alloying additives from the coating layer, which degrades the dissociative properties of the coating and leads to a decrease in performance, the membrane, the metal base contains the same alloying additives in a concentration that equilibrates with their concentration in the coating. The composition of the palladium-containing coating does not change with time, which prevents the diffusion of n and zladladium itself into the metal base.
    In order to suppress a decrease in the efficiency of the diffusion membrane under the action of an oxidation phenomenon, the membrane is made of a three-layer membrane, including in it a thin layer 3 of a melt containing or forming an alkaline or hydride
    729702
    alkaline earth metal, for example lithium hydride with additions of lithium halides, sodium and potassium hydrides, barium and magnesium hydrides, and also mixtures of hydrides, for example barium, calcium and magnesium. This list does not limit the choice of metals, and for each specific case you can use the best option.
    The presence of the hydride layer eliminates the negative effect on the membrane efficiency of such contaminants as water vapor, oxidizing compounds. The membrane in this case remains free from oxygen inside during long periods of operation.
    The thickness of the layer containing the melt is in the range of 10100 microns. A melt containing an alkali or alkaline earth metal, due to its higher affinity for hydrogen, absorbs the latter, which increases the rate at which hydrogen passes through the membrane, and also prevents the formation of hydrides with the metals that make up the coating and substrate. JQ The melt, which absorbs diffusible hydrogen, moves in a thin layer countercurrent to the 1-stream of the initial gas mixture. Then a regenerating device passes, where the formed hydrides are removed from it, and is returned to the circulation circuit. Regeneration can be carried out by filtering the hydrides on a grid, and the hydrogen from the hydrides is extracted either by heating or dissolving in the melt the halides of the corresponding metals, followed by electrolysis of the melts.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. A diffusion membrane for hydrogen evolution from gas mixtures, consisting of a meta-base and a palladium alloy coating containing 45-72 at.% Copper as alloying agents, or 5075 at.% Silver, or 7-16 at. % yttrium, characterized in that, in order to increase the service life, the metal base contains the same alloying additives in a concentration that is equilibrium with their concentration in the coating.
    [2]
    2. The membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional layer made in the form of a melt forming or containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydride.
    [3]
    3. Membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional layer is placed inside the metal base.
    [4]
     4. A membrane according to claim 2, wherein the additional layer is placed on the side of the metal base opposite to the coating.
    1
    Fig2
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    SU749410A1|1980-07-23|Method of cleaning gas from nitrogen oxides
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19813149084|DE3149084C2|1981-12-11|1981-12-11|Hydrogen diffusion wall|
    DE19813149155|DE3149155A1|1981-12-11|1981-12-11|Process and apparatus for separating off hydrogen from gas mixtures by diffusion through a non-porous wall|
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